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The δ 18O water values of quartz in the molybdenite-bearing veins vary from +2.16 to +4.05‰, suggesting a magmatic origin for the ore-forming fluids. Coexisting two phase V-rich and L-rich fluid inclusions in quartz associated with molybdenite provide evidence for boiling at 270 ☌ to 400 ☌. The salinity of this type fluid inclusions lie within the range of 0.6 to 4.24 wt% NaCl equivalent. The two-phase vapor-rich fluid inclusions homogenized at 270 ☌ to 397 ☌. The salinity of this type inclusions range from 0.6 to 7.5 wt% NaCl equivalent. The homogenization temperature of two phase liquid-rich inclusions range between 224 ☌ and 375 ☌. The Microthermometric analyses at Siah-Kamar deposit showed that the halite-bearing inclusions contain high salinity (30.9–60.7 wt% NaCl eq.) with homogenization temperature ranging from 226 ☌ to 397 ☌. The main ore minerals comprise molybdenite, chalcopyrite and bornite.
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Mineralization occurs in disseminated form, in veins/veinlets and in hydrothermal breccias. Porphyry molybdenum mineralization is associated with potassic, sericitic, argillic, and propylitic alteration zones. The geochemical features of the Siah-Kamar intrusion show enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), and significant negative anomalies of Nb, Ta and Ti analogues to the magmas derived from metasomatized sub-continental mantle. This deposit is mainly hosted by an I-type, shoshonitic quartz monzonite to monzonite intrusion and also extends in the surrounding lower to middle Eocene volcanic rocks. The Siah-Kamar porphyry Mo deposit, located in the western Alborz-Azarbayjan magmatic belt, is the first and largest Mo deposit in the Iran.